Refiner for pulp and like materials



June 26, 1934. w H, CANNARD I 1,963,970

REFINER FOR PULP AND LIKE MATERIALS Filed Aug. 12, 1931 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 Ki 3nventor 71. ff Gamma/xi,

I June 26, 1934. w CANNARD 1,963,970

REFINER FOR PULP AND LIKE MATERIALS Filed Aug. 12, 1931 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Zinventor over prior art-structures whi Patented June 26, I934 1,903,970 REFINER roa rm AND mm mumps- William B. Cannard, Mosin ee, wa. Application August 12, 1931, Serial No. 556,662

9 Claims. (01. 92-26) This invention has reference to a crushing and.

grinding mill of the type known as the Jordan refiner which finds its chief use in the reduction of fibrous masses to pulp. It comprises a struc- 8 ture of such type which is extremely eillcient and so designed that the crushing and grinding action thereof may be readily regulated and controlled to produce a milled product of anydesired degree of refinement from relatively coarse to extremely l fine.

To those skilled in the art of paper manufacture, the Jordan pulp refiner is well known. Essentially it comprises a tubular shell or casing having an inlet and outlet located at the respecl6 tive ends and being provided with a power-driven rotor of a size such that its outer periphery is in close proximity to the inner periphery of the shell. Mounted circumferentially of the rotorare suitable blades which coact with the inner Ill surface of the casing to mill material such as wood fiber fed into the space between the casing and rotor throughithe inlet. With a continuous feed the material, as it is milled, is whirled around in the shell and gradually moves towards the outlet.

26 The object'of thepresent invention is to provide an alteration in the construction of the rotor and novel readily replaceable crushing and grinding instrumentalities with the view of greatly increasing the efficiency of the device-andan milling 'action,-, ins

so automatic regulation of the accordance with the material to be refined and the d cree of fineness required, by varying the speed of the rotor. A structure having such characteristics constitutes an important advanc adaptable to operate. on difierent types of'mate' and which could not be made to =produc diifer nt degreesofrefinement.without-consider-f I able adjustment or substitution of parts. 40 To attain the desired object, I provide a series of milling rolls or rods seating in suitable grinding grooves or channels in the'perlphery of the rotor which crush the material to be treated features, a tremendous which controls the operation of the embodiment 'ings, which ptailsiof construction:therein'disclosedyfiv H 1 Fig,-'1*isfla.vievm5in sectionalele tionbf 'a rech were notgreadily,

to or in lieu of crushing stituted.

Preferably the casing is of gradually increasing diameter from the inlet to the outlet endand the rotor and grinding rolls are of tapering construction in conformity therewith, so as to facilitate fluted rolls may be sub- "the feed of material towards the. outlet. Such arrangement further serves to cause the material to be whirled around the casing in a gradual spiral path, thus insuring thorough reduction and mixing before reaching the outlet. For greatest efil-' ciency the rolls are relatively small and placed as close together as possible around the circumference of the rotor so as to present the greatest possible aggregate crushing or grinding surface. Witha -refiner having the above-enumerated grinding and crushing pressure. may be obtained by utilizing a high speed driving instrumentalityfor the rotor, and such pressure maybe reduced to a minimum or 76 any intermediate degree merely by lowering the speed of the rotor to reduce the' cen ,,,1188 force 7 device. Having now setforth the-advantages of my invention and the features of construction giving so rise thereto, I ,will;..now one practical shown'in the accompanying draware only illustrative and, hence, not to be taken as limiting the invention to ,the definer'embodying"my invention V Fig.2 is a view taken on the-line of showing-the construction of the rotor and the] g tjqthe'inletend of the refiner; l0

spen ing cross sectional elevation correg. r-to slibwth'e constructio f off the rotor; at

rigigz and takeri'onthe line 3-3 of the outletend; and

Figs. 4 and 5 illustrate the'constructionof sevas eral forms of milling rolls which may beius'ed. Referring .now to the drawings, the reference mainst the inner wall of t c 45 being unconnected withthe rotor as'to'fioat and, move outwardly. from their seats under cen- .trifugaiforce to exert a varying crushing and grinding pressure in accordance with the speed of the rotor. The greater the speed the greater will be the centrifugal force urging the rolls outwardly towards the casing. Such rollsjmay be readily'replaced without dimculty;:if a true crushing action-is desired plain rollsfsliouldbe used,

56 main grinding orcutti ng is desired in addition" erly refined material, should be located near the top of the casing, can

be combined therewith. The end plates may be securely' fastened to the casing by any suitable means such asbolts 18,

and strengthening ribs 19 may be located at suitable intervals circumferentially of the shell.

Extending axially through the casing is a driving shaft 20 adapted to be connected by a l key member 21 with a suitable power device and supported by suitable bearings 22 and 23, located at opposite ends of the casing. Associated with the respective end plates 14 and 16 are suitable stufiing boxes and glands 24 and 25 adapted to receive the driving shaft and prevent leakage therearound.

Located interiorly of the casing, which remains stationary on its base, is a rotor which may well be hollow and provided with suitable supporting solid end plates 26 and 27 secured thereto by suitable bolts 28, said plates being secured to the driving shaft 20 by respective keys 29 and 30. The rotor is preferably of such length that the end plates thereof will be located in close proximity to the end walls 14 and 15 of the casing so that the material to be refined will be ,maintained between the outer and inner peripheries of the rotor and casing. The rotor should also have a gradually increasing diameter in conformity with that of the easing, the relation being such that there will be a comparatively small annular space between the two. In this connection it will be apparent that the end plate 27 will be of greater diameter than the opposite plate 26. To give the same adequate strength and rigidity they may be provided with relatively wide bushings surrounding the driving shaft and internal reinforcing ribs 31 and 32.

As above stated the end plates of the rotor are located in close proximity to the end walls of the casing, but the end plate 26 located adjacent the supply intake 15 is sufficiently spaced from wall 14 so that radially extending ribs 33 may be positioned on the outer side of the rotor plate, the purpose of the latter being to carry materials from the inlet to the space between the periphery of the rotor and casing.

The milling elements of my refiner comprise a series of rolls or rods 34 adapted to rotate and coact with the inner surface of the casing so that material will be crushed or ground therebetween. In order that the rolls may be revolved. around the casing, the outer periphery of the rotor 40 is provided with a series oflongitudinally extending grooves or channels 35 in which the rolls seat, as best shown in Figs. 2 and 3. As shown such channels have a curved crosssection extending up relatively steeply on one side and gradually on the other with the view of facilitating the outward movement of the rolls towards the casing under the influence of centrifugal force which acts on the rolls in accordance with the peripheral speed of the rotor, it being understood that the rolls are not secured to the rotor but merely fioat in the channels as the rotor revolves in the casing. The greater the speed and centrifugal force, the greater crushing or grinding pressurethe rolls will exert on the materials located in the space adjacent the casing. As shown, the rolls should be relativelysmall and should forbest operation be located as near together as practicable.

The several rolls may be provided with a round end 36 and the corresponding end plate of the rotor formed with suitable recesses 37 to receive the same and maintain the rolls in proper longitudinal alignment. v

The rolls and channels therefor in the rotor should be of tapered construction in order that the rolls coact with the inner surface of the tapered casing throughout substantially its entire length and facilitate the gradual feed of material as it is refined from the inlet 15 to, the outlet 1'7. These features will be understood by a comparison of Figs. 2 and 3.

Where a crushing action, depending on the pressure developed, as distinguished from a grinding or cutting action is desired, smooth surfaced rolls such as shown in Fig. 1 should be used. However, for coarse material it is ordinarily necessary to produce grinding as well as crushing, and for this purpose a straight fluted roll, as shown in Fig. 4, or the spirally fluted roll of Fig. 5 may be readily substituted.

It will be understood that a structure embodying my invention takes full advantage of and, for best operation, is dependent upon centrifugal force created by rotation of the rotor, and that the effective milling or refining action thereof may be varied to a considerable degree merely by adjusting the speed of the rotor. The rolls and rotor may be readily replaced or modified, or equivalent milling elements substituted therefor. While the present invention is particularly adapted to use in refiners for fibrous materials, it will be understood that the same is capable of use for milling almost every kind of material.

I claim:

1. A refiner for pulp and similar materials comprising a tubular casing, a rotatable member therein, and milling rolls coacting with the inner surface of the casing supported in longitudinal grooves on the periphery of the rotatable member, a solid end wall for the rotatable member no having recesses in its inner face in .alinement with the grooves, said milling rolls being rounded at one of their ends which seat in said recesses in the end of the rotating member to be maintained thereby inalignment longitudinally of the casing.

2. A refiner for pulp and like materials including a tubular casing, a rotor mounted therein with its periphery in spaced relation with the casing to provide an annular chamber for materials to be refined, longitudinal grooves in the periphery of the rotor carrying grinding elements adapted to operate in the annular chamber, an

inlet for feeding material into one'end of the casing, the rotor having a solid end plate adjacent said inlet and being provided with grooves in its peripheral edge registering with the grooves in the main portion of the rotor, said end plate being provided on its outer face with fins inclining away from the direction of rotation of the rotor adapted to feed material from the inlet outwardly to the groovesand the grinding chamber.

3. A refiner for pulp and similar materials comprising a tubular casing, a rotor mounted therein with its periphery in spaced relation with the casing to provide an annular chamber for materials to be refined, the rotor having a solid end located in spaced relation with the corresponding end of the casing, an inlet for feeding materials to said space, the periphery of the rotor having longitudinally extending grooves, grinding rollers operative in the annular chamber supported in said grooves and extending beyond the end of the rotor so as to overlie the space into which materials are fed.

4. A refiner for pulp and similar materials comprising a tubular casing, a rotor mounted therein with its periphery in spaced relation with the casing to provide an annular chamber for 50 materials to be refined, the rotor having a solid end located in spaced relation with the corresponding end of the casing, an inlet for feeding materials to said space; the periphery of the rotor having longitudinally extending grooves, grinding rollers operative in the annular chamber supported in said grooves and extending beyond the end of the rotor so as to overlie the space into which materials are fed, the ends of the grinding rollers which overlie the space being supported by the end of the casing.

5. A refiner for pulp and similar materials comprising a tubular casing, a rotor mounted therein with its periphery in spaced relation with the casing to provide an annular chamber for materials to be refined, the rotor having a solid end located in spaced relation with the corresponding end of the casing, an inlet for feeding materials to said space, the periphery of the rotor having longitudinally extending grooves, grinding rollers operative in the annular chamber supported in said grooves and extending beyond the end of the rotor so as to overlie the space into which materials are fed, and ribs on the outer face of the end plate operating in the space between the end of the rotor and the end of the casing to feed materials outwardly to the grinding rollers.

6. A refiner for pulp and similar materials comprising a tubular casing, a rotor mounted therein with its periphery in spaced relation with the casing to provide an annular chamber for materials to be refined, longitudinal grooves in the periphery of the rotor adapted to carry grinding rollers, one end of the rotor closing the grooves at one end, the other end of the rotor having grooves registering with the longitudinal grooves, and grinding rollers carried in the grooves of the rotor supported at one end by the end of the rotor and at the other end by the end of the casing.

'7. A refiner for pulp and like materials including a tubular casing, a rotor mounted therein, a series of milling rolls carried by the rotor in spaced relation with the inner surface of the oasing and retaining grooves for said rolls on the v rotor, said grooves each having a gradually sloping side wall adapted during rotation of the rotor to urge the milling rolls outwardly for co-action with the casing.

8. A refiner for pulp and like materials including a tubular casing, a rotor mounted therein, a series of milling rollers carried by the rotor in spaced relation with the inner surface of the casing and retaining grooves for said rollers on the periphery of the rotor, said grooves each having a gradually sloping side wall inclining away from the direction of rotation of the rotor adapted during rotation to force the milling rollers outwardly for coactionwith theicasing.

9. A refiner for pulp and similar materials comprising a tubular casing, a rotor mounted therein with its periphery in spaced relation with 100 the casing to provide an annular chamber for materials to be refined, milling elements located in the annular chamber carried by the rotor to coact with the periphery of the casing, the rotor having an end wall located in spaced relation to 05 one end of the casing to define a feed chamber, an inlet in the casing for supplying materials to said feed chamber, the ends of the milling ele-. ments extending beyond the ends of the rotor to over-lie the feed chamber and initiate the grind- 110 ing of the materials.

WILLIAM H. CANNARD.

its 

